(11 Jan 2021) From the foreword of the publication:
“The present publication “Research and Development Statistics, 2019-20” is based on the survey conducted during 2018-19. DST has strived together data from a large number of scientific agencies, research laboratories, socio-economic ministries/departments, public and private sector industries including multi-national companies. The report presents analysis on a number of parameters based on data drawn from the primary and secondary sources such as higher education in S&T, patents, etc. including bibliometric analysis of scientific publications. The report includes several cross tabulations on financial and manpower resources deployed for R&D by sector/objectives/fields of science/industry groups/qualification/nature of activity/gender/emoluments, etc. Data mining and data reduction have considerable challenges. There are some inescapable situations in which data estimations are unavoidable. Under such circumstances proven statistical methods of estimations have been used to bridge the gap.”
Selected highlights include:
- The national investment on R&D activities attained a level of Rs. 1,13,825.03 crore in 2017-18. The same is estimated to be Rs. 1,23,847.71 crore in 2018-19.
- 0.7% of Gross National Product was devoted to R&D during 2017-18 and 2018-19 respectively.
- The percentage share of Private Sector in National R&D expenditure has increased from 32.1% in 2010-11 to 36.8% in 2017-18.
- In the Institutional Sector, excluding Higher Education Sector, about 23.9% of the total expenditure was spent on basic research, 36.9%
on applied research, 32.4% on experimental development and rest 6.8% on supporting activities. - 63.2% of the total R&D expenditure was met from government sources and 36.8% came from private sources during 2017-18.
- Industrial Sector spent Rs. 47,109.13 crore on R&D activities and accounted for 41.4% of National R&D expenditure during 2017-18.
- India’s per capita R&D expenditure has increased to PPP $ 47.2 in 2017-18 from PPP $ 29.2 in 2007-08.
- India’s significant increase in research output is reflected in publication databases: by 50% from 90,864 in 2011 to 1,36,238 in 2016 in SCOPUS; by 36.5% from 47,081 in 2011 to 64,267 in 2016 in SCI; and by 83.1% from 74,143 in 2011 to 1,35,788 in 2018 in NSF.
- India’s growth rate of scientific publication during 2011–2016 as per the SCOPUS and SCI database was 8.4% and 6.4% as against the world average of 1.9% and 3.7% respectively. It was 12.9% as against the world average of 4.9% as per the NSF database.
- India was ranked at 3rd, 5th and 9th in scientific publication output during 2018 as per the NSF, SCOPUS and SCI database respectively. India is ranked ahead of many developed and developing countries including BRICS except China.
- 13,045 patents were sealed in the year 2017-18. Out of which 1,937 patents were sealed by Indians.
- There were 993 Universities/Deemed Universities, 127 institutes of national importance and 39,931 colleges during 2018-19 imparting higher education in the country.
The full-text can be downloaded from here.
